Cables are one of the most important elements in the data center, because they maintain operations that work around the clock throughout the week. The appropriate cable management means unrestricted air flow, ease of maintenance for other data center elements, accidents risk, and ease of expansion. In this article, we pass through the basic rules that direct the data center cables management.
General rules for the data center management
Before diving into specific rules for cable management in data centers, let’s stop for a minute to focus on the general rules that the data centers must adhere to. Please refer to the table below:
Data center management rules
1. Signs and documentation
Signs and documenting cables clearly help prevent confusion and reduce the time to explore and repair errors. The well -maintained cable system guarantees that IT employees can identify and replace cables quickly. General rules are:
attached Both parties From every cable.
Use Color coded stickers To distinguish different types of cables (for example, energy, data, fiber).
Preserve An updated digital inventory Among the identifiers of cables, roads and termination.
Consider using QR codes or RFID signs For effective tracking and automated documents.
Data center cable coding
Power cables: red / black
Ethernet data: Blue
Sound/Communications: White
Fiber – Single mode: yellow
Multimode: Orange / Aqua
Security / CCTV: purple
Backup links: Green
2. Commitment to organized cable standards
After organizing cable standards are the key to organized and developed infrastructure.
Use Horizontal and vertical cable managers To keep the cables to properly direct.
Determine if it is Fiber or copper Suitable on the basis of distance requirements and domain width. Fiber preferably More than 100 meters distances And high -frequency domain applications (10 GB per second+), while copper is suitable for The shortest runs (Less than 100 meters).
Use Cables pre -granted; this The road, will install faster.
At least a plan 25 % additional cable tracks To accommodate future growth.
3. Separation of energy and data cables
Keep the energy and data cables separate to the minimum Electromagnetic overlap (EMI)Which can analyze the quality of the sign and the network.
I fixed Separate trays or channels For energy and data cables.
Maintaining the minimum separation between Six inches Between energy cables and data.
If you should cross the wires, you should do so in 90 degrees angle To reduce EMI.
Where the chapter is not possible, use Protected cables To reduce interference.
4. Air flow and refrigeration management
Cables crowded or weak guidance can hide the air flow, which leads to high temperature and reduce system efficiency. The right cable management plays an important role in maintaining optimal cooling.
Avoid Excessive cablesBecause this can trap heat and prevent air flow.
Use High floors or upper tracks To prevent cables from interfering in cooling systems.
Ensure that the cables are not obstructed Ventilation Or the areas of eating the server/exhaust.
Use Thermal imaging tools To determine the hot points caused by unsafe cables.
5. Planning for expansion
A data center must be designed with the expansion of the future. The right cable management makes it easier.
Use Correction panels units To facilitate easy promotions and re -formation.
Preserve Cable trays and cable reserves Available to support additional infrastructure.
Leave The appropriate recession rings To accommodate movement and changes, but avoid excessive recession that can create congestion.
Cable design design to be Flexible and adaptable New techniques also appear.
6. Maintaining the appropriate radius circle and cable length boundaries
The boundaries of the rhino -diameter circle can perform the recommended curve or the limits of the cable length to Decreased signal and long -term damage. Each type of cable has specific requirements that must be followed.
Commitment The diameter of the curved radius specified by the manufacturer Guidelines, especially for optical fiber cables.
Use Cable managers To maintain appropriate guidance and prevent excessive curvature.
Do not exceed the recommended length of different types of cables:
CAT6 ETIRNET: 100m (328 feet)
Om4 fibers: 400 meters (1312 feet)
OS2 fiber single mode: 10 km (6.2 miles)
7. Use the right fasteners and assembly techniques
Incorrect assembly methods, such as using Zip plastic linksIt can harm cables and lead to Signal. The correct assembly techniques help organize cables while maintaining their safety.
Use Cable relationships Felicro Instead of ZIP plastic links to avoid cable pressure.
Keep cable packages Sufficiently loose To prevent excessive stress.
Avoid stacking a lot of cables together, as this can restrict air flow.
Wherever possible, use Cable To improve the distribution and support of cables.
8. Implementation of routine maintenance and inspection
Regular inspection and maintenance operations help prevent problems before affecting operations. The proactive approach to managing cables reduces the time of stopping and extends the age of the equipment.
behavior Championship audit operations To check the damaged, tense, or loose cables.
Replace Wiant cables Immediately to prevent communication failure.
Ensure that the documents It was updated after each change To keep precise records.
Maintain cable tracks Free obstacles To allow easy access during maintenance.
9. Improving the correction cable management
Correction panels and correction cables are very important for an organized data center. Correction cables that are managed poorly can congest and make exploring errors and fixing them difficult.
Use Uniform correction ropes To reduce excess stagnation.
Avoid Daisy correction cablesBecause this can lead to signal loss.
Maintain adequate and organized correction panels Easy determination.
Consider using Corner correction panels To improve cable guidance and reduce chaos.
10. Imposition of cable management standards
Even the most planned cable management system will fail if not applied properly. Ensuring that all IT employees are necessary for best practices to maintain a well -organized data center.
Establish Standard operating procedures (SOPS) To install the cable and deal with it.
Extend Regular training sessions.
Imposed compliance with Industry standards Like Tia-942, BICSI, and NEC.
Maintains Detailed records From all changes and promotions.
Here are everything we discussed in this section summarized in the schedule:
Infrastructure criteria for the main data center
The last thing that deserves to be mentioned in the context of the Data Center Cable Management is the specific rules set by different criteria.
1.
Tia-942 is the institutional Design and implementation standard For data centers, the structure of cables, repetitions and environmental requirements cover. It classifies data centers to four Layers based on Operation time and tolerance with errors:
The first level: The basic infrastructure without repetition, allowing up to 28.8 hours of annual stopping.
The second level: N+1 Repetition of Energy and Cooling, which reduces stopping to 22 hours annually.
The third level: Conjunctally preserved infrastructure, allowing any component to take without contact without disruption.
Fourth level: Take the errors completely, and support the operating time of 99.995 % with no more than 26.3 minutes of stopping annually.
It also defines the standard Organized cable planningsIt requires a clear chapter on the paths of the spine and horizontal facility and entering to improve the performance of the network and the ability to expand.
2. Ansi/Tia-568: Organized Cable Standard
ANSI/Tia-568 sets the requirements of organized cables in data centers. It focuses on the interfering capacity of the sellers and supports high -speed data transfer On copper optical cables and fiber. He – is:
identification The maximum cable lengths:
Cat6a: 100 meters for 10 GB per second.
Multiple fiber (om4): 400 meters compared to 40 GB per second.
Single mode fibers (OS2): 10 kilometers compared to 100 GB per second.
Monotheism Types of MosulIncluding RJ-45 copper and LC/MPO for optical fiber links.
It requires sporadic The spine and the horizontal distribution cable paths to simplify maintenance and promotions.
Create The minimum is a radius circle Guidelines to prevent sign degradation, which requires at least four times the cable diameter for copper and 20 times for fiber.
3. BICSI 002-2019: Best practices for data centers
BICSI 002-2019 provides practical shelf layouts, air flow management and cable regulatory instructions. This standard, written by professionals in industry, covers all basic systems in data centers. In the context of cables,
He specifies The minimum clearance of the shelves:
It requires Organized cable documentsIncluding length, type, guidance, and termination points.
identification Best practices of managing the correction boardReducing the cable density for each shelf to prevent air flow from blocking.
It creates recommendations for Cable recession managementEnsure that all cables have a suitable relief for stress while avoiding excessive stagnation rings.
4. NEC and UL fire safety standards
the National electrical law (NEC) and UL underwriting laboratories (UL) to organize Fire -resistant materials, energy and electrical safety distribution In data centers.
It imposes use Cables ranked fire Based on the installation site:
CMP (specific classified) for blood circulation spaces, tested to UL 910.
CMR (riser classification) for vertical operation, tested to UL 1666.
He specifies Limiting the electric channelIt requires at least a 1 inch channel for every three cables CAT6 In races.
Create Energy circuit separation rulesEnsuring the energy and data circles remain at least 12 inches to prevent EMI.
It requires Introduction and interconnection for all shelves, channels, and electric panels To the joint grounding bus.
In NNC, we offer power cables at the data center, including:
We offer wholesale requests to the large data center customers.
