For most people working in optical fiber contacts, their experience with optical fibers includes the use of covered optical fiber cables. This includes network infrastructure cables and data center, which may contain hundreds of fiber in each cable, as well as correction cables with fewer fibers used in the connection of the devices. Due to the multi -fiber nature of cables covered with network devices such as transmitters and optical reception devices, which require a connection with a pair of TX/RX fiber, it is common for many people to think of the optical fibers mixed to test the network simulation and visual delay applications in a similar form. In addition, since fiber manufacturers provide the maximum specifications/signal loss of fiber, there is sometimes a wrong belief that the resulting performance will always be within those specific specifications when using the reproached optical fibers and termination.
Because of this, when identifying naked optical fiber sources in coordinating a store of testing and applications that depend on cumin, it is important to understand how naked fibers are manufactured, along with the effects of temporary storage and ending bare fiber, which will add additional/additional loss. Otherwise, the resulting solution and/or fiber performance may not be in line with the user’s needs or expectations.
Blessed and backward optical fibers – Technical insight 1: Simplex versus Duplex / Multi -Filed
One of the most important things to be remembered about naked optical fibers in its basic, unrestricted forms is that it is always manufactured as one ropes (Simplex), as a result of the fiber drawing process. A brief overview can be shown on how to make optical fibers in this video created by Corning®:
Click on the image to view this YouTube video
When leaving the clouds as a single sin, it is then stored on the charging ball for the manufacturer. After that, most of the bare fibers (99 %+) are then delivered to cable entities that add the additional protection jacket materials needed to convert them into a final cable product.
However, when determining the network simulation and optical delay products that include bare optical fibers, it is necessary to remember that they will store them or wrapped in a simple format. Therefore, if the person repeats the network to ratify the new transmission and visual reception that requires a pair of TX/RX fiber or Duplex connectivity, then this requires two individual fiber threads, each on a ball or a separate file.
As a real example, when planning to acquire the network simulation to test the transmission and optical reception with a transmission range of 80 km, given that the TX/RX fiber pair is required, a total of two nude fiber lengths is 80 km (i.e. 160 km) will be necessary to deliver the necessary internal extensions. Otherwise, if the Duplex formation is not requested, the user will receive a simple 80 km long strand, which will be insufficient. While the reputable manufacturer of high-quality network simulation products must always confirm these details during the consulting process, determining whether to set up Simplex, Duplex or Multi-Filed Bare Ribbon will help ensure the configuration of the solution with the project needs.
After mentioning naked tape fibers, it should be noted that the exception of what was mentioned above is that the specialized network simulation and the optical time supply, such as M2 optics, can also create solutions that use “bare ribbon fibers” with MPO connectors. Instead of one fiber, one or more nude fibers are tied together using an additional layer of paint and delivered them with a tape format (for example: a naked strip 12 fiber). However, although it is called the naked tape, it contains a much larger material diameter due to multiple fibers and additional paint, so the total length of the tape that can be hurt on a ball or cabbage is much lower than the length of the strand of bare fibers.
Blessed fibers – Technical Insight No. 2: The effect of tension and ending on attenuation/extended loss
One of the most important performance specifications for optical fibers is the sign of significance (or “loss” of the fibers. It is often expressed as a DB/Km value on the database of fiber and is often provided for many common wavelengths for signal. For example, the speculations of attenuation are provided for most of the Standard G.652.D mode fibers for 1310nm, 1550nm, 1625nm and other times such as 1490nm, etc.
What many people do not realize is that the inferior values published for optical fibers are measured by the manufacturer in a “tension -free” state, usually in Cabled format similar to the intended state of use in the network. However, naked optical fibers or temporary storage on a ball that requires adequate tension application not only to ensure that fiber remains virgin, but also puts constantly and sufficiently tight to avoid any bending or looseness that will lead to great attenuation events. This curvy tension naturally adds a slight amount of additional signal. In addition, the use of naked fibers disgraced to simulate the network or the delay line applications, unless they are divided directly into other fibers, requires connectors, which also add some inclusion loss. Therefore, when working with bare, repro -bare optical fibers, it is not uncommon for the final attenuation value of the attenuation of the specification of the published database specification, which is caused by the added signal loss of cache and connectors.
As a practical example, the entity requires lengths of naked fiber G.654 in the Lival Lab Simulation in M2 to repeat many distances for the known submarine fiber association for the procedures for testing the device certificate. Fiber speculations on the manufacturer data paper are 0.158 dB/km at 1550 nm. However, after the fibers are stored carefully, the results of the OTDR test show the overall attenuation values of the sins of about 0.162 dB/km. The initial thought may be that the performance of the fiber “out of the specifications” because the losses of the loss is slightly higher than the maximum value announced on the fiber -manufacturer data paper. However, the final attenuation value is only 0.005 decibels/km on the specifications of tension -free fiber is an exceptional result, especially when calculating these factors that stimulate simple attenuation.
Fast food when identifying sources and using naked optical fibers
Regardless of choosing the most suitable types of fibers when buying bare, repro -and -bottle optical fibers to simulate networks and network applications that depend on cumin, there are two important things that must be remembered:
The bare optical fibers are always manufactured and stored in one form (Simplex). If it requires naked fibers or more in the period, this will require specifying two or more threads separately/cabbage.
The specifications of the published optical fibers, along with other optical properties, are measured by fiber manufacturers in the cabler -free coordination of tension. The naked optical fibers on a ball/ball have additional and necessary tension placed on it for an effective winding achievement. This additional tension, as well as adding conductors, can provide a small amount of additional attenuation of the bare fiber.
M2 Optics – Naked Fiber
For more than two decades, M2 Optics has specialized in manufacturing customized network simulation and optical delay products. Combining unparalleled access to all species and brands of bare optical fibers from leading manufacturers, including Corning®, Offs®, Prysmian® and Sumitomo®, with the most efficient packaging techniques and advanced test capabilities in this industry, M2 is the trusted partner in communication solutions.
M2 today calls a loud fiber source and determines a solution for the project needs.
